Hsu, A., Tan, J., Ng, Y.M. et al. Performance determinants show European cities are delivering on climate mitigation. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 1015–1022 (2020)

Hsu, A., Tan, J., Ng, Y.M. et al. Performance determinants show European cities are delivering on climate mitigation. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 1015–1022 (2020))

In achiving reductions, the underlying drivers, whether policy or efficiency improvements could not be distinguished

Reduction for cities: $reduction_{irc} = \lambda + \alpha plan +\beta city + \delta country + \gamma_c + \epsilon_i$
STM: Topic modeling

60% of the evaluated cities are on track to achieving their 2020 emission reduction goal assuming a linear projection
Compared to not on track cities, on track cities have slightly higher per capita baseline emissions, lower inventory emissions
42% of the evaluated cities committed to emissions reduction targets that are considered ambitious

The ambition of a climate change commitment is negatively associated with GHG emission reduction
Six major thematic areas of climate policy: residential buildings and urban planning measures, cross-sectoral integration, energy efficiency actions, mobility and public transport, buildings and public lighting, municipal administration
10% increase in energy effciency is associated with an increase of 0.22 % reduction in per capita emissions; higher impacts in cities with lesser GDP per capita and population