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Pangallo, M., Aleta, A., del Rio-Chanona, R.M. et al. The unequal effects of the health–economy trade-off during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat Hum Behav 8, 264–275 (2024)

Objective:

  • Develop an ABM model to simulate the epidemic and economic impacts on a large synthetic population

Case:

  • New York-Newark-Jersey city

Methodology:

  • ABM:
    • Infected probability: $P(S_i+I_j \rightarrow L_i+I_j) = 1-e^{-\beta_{type}w_{i,j,p}(t)\Delta t}$

Data Source: Open

  • Global positioning system location data: Cuebig
  • American community survey
  • Bureau of economic analysis
  • Bureau of labor statistics

Findings:

  • Employment declined more strongly than GDP
  • Consumption of goods and services produced by customer-facing industries declined more strongly than consumption of goods and services produced by industries that are not customer facing (i.e., manufacturing, financial service)
  • Fear of infection parameter distribution implies a 14% consumption demand reduction in customer-facing industries

Coding Reference: